Applied Forensic Science and Law

Forensic science stands at the critical intersection of science, technology, law, and justice. Over the decades, it has evolved from basic investigative tools to an expansive and complex field encompassing genetics, psychology, digital forensics, and artificial intelligence. This volume brings together interdisciplinary perspectives on forensic science, criminology, and criminal justice, offering readers a wide-ranging understanding of the role that science plays in uncovering truth and delivering justice. From the traditional courtroom journey of toxicological evidence to the futuristic applications of artificial intelligence in criminal investigations, each chapter provides a critical lens into the real-world application and theoretical underpinnings of forensic practices in India and beyond. The emergence of cyber forensics, especially in the context of social media crimes and online trolling, highlights the growing importance of digital evidence and its implications for personal privacy and legal accountability. Additionally, chapters on forensic linguistics, the role of autopsy, and case studies from Indian and international contexts enrich the discussion with practical insights. Whether you are a student, legal professional, law enforcement officer, forensic expert, policy-maker, or academic researcher, this book aims to serve as both a foundational resource and a catalyst for deeper inquiry.

Dr. Bhavana Sharma is currently working as Professor of Law in Royal School of Law & Administration at The Assam Royal Global University, Guwahati. She is Post -Doctorate in “New Technologies & Law” from MICHRR, Italy (2023). She has completed her Ph.D. in Law, Post Graduate Diploma in “Industrial Relations and Personal Management & diploma in Cyber Law. Dr Bhavana has more than 24 years of experience in the field of teaching and advocacy. During her career she has led academic and research initiatives. Dr. Bhavana has delivered more than 35 lectures at National & international forum. She has published 50 researchpapers in variousreputed Scopus indexed,WOS, National & International Journals and few as chapters in edited books. She has also published 3 edited books.


Dr. Govind Prasad Goyal is a seasoned academician and an accomplished scholar with a distinguished career in legal and interdisciplinary research. With numerous research publications in Scopus-indexed journals, ABDC-listed journals, and Web of Science, he has made significant contributions to contemporary academic discourse. He is the author of nine books and serves as an editor for several prestigious international publishers, including Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Routledge (Taylor & Francis), and Bentham Science, reflecting his deep expertise and editorial excellence. A committed innovator, Dr. Goyal has also been recognized for his creative and practical contributions through multiple national and international patents, demonstrating his visionary approach toward research, education, and technology-driven solutions. In his current role as Dean, Students’ Welfare at IMS Law College, Noida.

Forensic Science, Criminology and Criminal Justice explores the dynamic intersection of science, technology, law, and justice, offering an interdisciplinary examination of how forensic knowledge contributes to modern criminal investigation and the pursuit of truth.

Over the decades, forensic science has evolved far beyond traditional investigative techniques. Advances in genetics, psychology, toxicology, digital technologies, forensic linguistics, and artificial intelligence have transformed the way evidence is identified, examined, interpreted, and presented within the criminal justice system. This volume brings together diverse perspectives to examine these developments and their practical and theoretical significance in India and beyond.

The book traces the journey of forensic evidence from the crime scene to the courtroom, highlighting the importance of scientific reliability, evidentiary value, expert interpretation, and legal admissibility. Discussions on toxicological evidence, autopsy and post-mortem examination, forensic linguistics, and other established forensic practices provide readers with valuable insight into the continuing importance of traditional forensic methodologies.

At the same time, the book examines emerging technologies that are reshaping criminal investigation. Particular attention is given to cyber forensics, digital evidence, social media crimes, online trolling, and artificial intelligence, reflecting the growing complexity of crime in an increasingly digital society. These developments also raise important questions concerning privacy, surveillance, authenticity, accountability, and the appropriate use of technology within legal processes.

By bringing together criminology, forensic science, and criminal justice, the book encourages readers to understand not only how scientific evidence can assist in solving crimes but also the limitations, ethical concerns, and legal challenges associated with its use. Case studies and perspectives from Indian and international contexts further enrich the discussion, connecting theoretical concepts with real-world applications.

The volume is designed to be both a foundational academic resource and a platform for deeper inquiry into the evolving relationship between science and justice. It will be valuable for students and researchers of forensic science, criminology, and law; legal professionals; law-enforcement officers; forensic experts; policymakers; academicians; and professionals working within the criminal justice system.

Ultimately, this book highlights the transformative potential of forensic science while emphasizing the need for scientific integrity, ethical responsibility, technological awareness, and sound legal frameworks. As crime continues to evolve, so too must the tools and knowledge used to investigate it. This volume invites readers to critically engage with that evolution and consider how science and technology can contribute to a more accurate, accountable, and effective system of justice.